The Meaning Behind the Name: Why Is the Qur'an Called the Qur'an?...

The Most Recited Book in the World

The Qur’an, revered as the holy book of Islam, is not just a religious text but a source of guidance, philosophy, and law for over 1.9 billion Muslims worldwide. The word Qur’an itself is intriguing—unlike many other religious scriptures, its name is not derived from a particular prophet, place, or event, but from a verb.

This article explores the linguistic, theological, and historical meanings of the name “Qur’an”, delving into why it is called so and what that signifies about the book itself.

1. Linguistic Origins: The Root of the Word ‘Qur’an’

The name Qur’an is derived from the Arabic trilateral root Qaaf-Raa-Hamza (ق-ر-أ), which means to read, to recite, or to proclaim. The verb qara’a (قرأ) appears 88 times in the Qur’an, with variations meaning:

  • “Read” – a command to recite or study

  • “Recite” – an instruction for oral transmission

  • “It is recited” – referring to the continuous nature of its recitation

  • “You recite” – emphasizing personal engagement with the text

This root is significant because the very first revelation given to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was “Iqra” (اقْرَأْ), meaning “Read” or “Recite”:

“Read! In the name of your Lord who created.” (Qur’an 96:1)

This underscores that Islam, from its inception, was centered on knowledge, learning, and the oral transmission of divine wisdom.

2. The Qur’an as a Living Recitation

Unlike other scriptures that may primarily be read silently or studied privately, the Qur’an has a unique status as a book that is meant to be recited aloud. This oral nature is emphasized throughout Islamic history, where the memorization and recitation of the Qur’an (Tajweed) have been fundamental to Islamic practice.

The name Qur’an, meaning “The Recitation”, reflects this unique characteristic. No other religious scripture has such an emphasis on its oral preservation—millions of Muslims around the world, known as Hafiz, have memorized the entire text word-for-word, ensuring its transmission across generations without alteration.

“And recite the Qur’an with measured recitation.” (Qur’an 73:4)

This verse instructs believers to not just read but to recite carefully and rhythmically, reinforcing the Qur’an’s oral tradition.

3. Qur’an as ‘Furqan’ – The Criterion

Another prominent name for the Qur’an is “Furqan” (الفرقان), which means “The Criterion”. This name highlights the Qur’an’s role in distinguishing between truth and falsehood, right and wrong.

“Blessed is He who sent down the Criterion upon His Servant that he may be to the worlds a warner.” (Qur’an 25:1)

This distinction is crucial in Islamic thought—the Qur’an is not just a book of theology but also a moral and ethical guide, meant to shape individual character and societal values.

4. The Qur’an’s Other Names and Their Meanings

The Qur’an is not only called the Qur’an; it is referred to by several other names, each reflecting a different aspect of its significance:

  • Al-Kitab (The Book) – Referring to its role as a written scripture.

  • Al-Huda (The Guidance) – Highlighting its purpose in leading people towards righteousness.

  • Al-Zikr (The Reminder) – Indicating its function as a means of keeping faith and morality in mind.

  • Al-Nur (The Light) – Describing how it enlightens hearts and minds.

  • Al-Shifa (The Healing) – Signifying its spiritual and psychological benefits.

Each of these names provides a deeper understanding of the Qur’an’s function in a believer’s life.

5. The Qur’an’s Universality – Not Just for Muslims

One of the most remarkable aspects of the Qur’an is that it presents itself as a message for all of humanity, not just for Muslims.

“This is a message for all of mankind; let them take warning therefrom, and let them know that He is but One God, and let those of understanding take heed.” (Qur’an 14:52)

This universality is reflected in the meaning of its name. The Qur’an is not confined to one group or nation—it is called the Qur’an because it is meant to be recited, studied, and understood by all who seek guidance.

In fact, scholars often encourage non-Muslims to read the Qur’an to understand Islamic beliefs and values directly from the source rather than relying on second-hand interpretations.

6. A Book That is Recited, Read, and Lived

The name Qur’an emphasizes an important aspect of Islamic spirituality—it is not just a book to be read, but a book to be lived. The act of recitation is not merely an intellectual exercise but an act of worship, reflection, and transformation.

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said:

“The best among you are those who learn the Qur’an and teach it to others.” (Sahih Bukhari #5027)

This hadith reinforces the active role that the Qur’an is meant to play in daily life. It is called Qur’an because it is a continuous engagement—through recitation, reflection, and implementation.

7. The Qur’an’s Preservation and Memorization

The Qur’an is unique among religious texts in its method of preservation:

  • It has been memorized in its entirety by millions of people (Hafiz) worldwide.

  • It is recited daily in prayers by Muslims globally.

  • The exact wording and pronunciation have been preserved through oral tradition, ensuring no textual corruption.

This phenomenon aligns perfectly with its name—Qur’an, the book that is meant to be constantly read, recited, and retained in human memory.

“Indeed, We have sent down the Qur’an, and indeed, We will be its guardian.” (Qur’an 15:9)

This divine promise of preservation underscores the Qur’an’s significance as a living text.

A Name That Defines Its Purpose

The Qur’an is called the Qur’an because its very name captures its essence and function:

  • It is a book meant to be recited and internalized.

  • It serves as a criterion between truth and falsehood.

  • It is a universal guide for all of humanity.

  • It is preserved through continuous oral and written transmission.

Understanding the meaning behind its name allows us to appreciate the Qur’an’s role beyond just a book—it is a recitation, a guidance, a light, and a constant companion for those who seek knowledge and truth.

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